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MPox Clade I
About MPox Clade I
A new mpox outbreak caused by Clade I mpox virus emerged in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2023 to 2024. Clade I has historically been associated with higher case fatality than the Clade II strain behind the 2022 outbreak, though reported rates vary widely, and it can spread through household contact. Children accounted for a large share of cases. A new variant, Clade Ib, showed enhanced human to human transmission. The WHO declared a PHEIC on August 14, 2024, the second mpox PHEIC in 3 years. The outbreak spread to neighboring countries including Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda. Sweden and India reported imported cases. The JYNNEOS vaccine was deployed but supply was limited. Vaccination began in the DRC in October 2024. The emergence of a more transmissible clade demonstrated that mpox remains a significant public health threat. The 2024 outbreak highlighted ongoing inequities in vaccine access between rich and poor countries. The WHO initial response plan sought approximately 87 million US dollars. The WHO declared the PHEIC over in September 2025.
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