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Concept
27 entries
R0 Basic Reproduction
The basic reproduction number R0 pronounced R naught is a central concept in infectious disease epidemiology. R0 represe...
Herd Immunity
Herd immunity, also called community immunity, occurs when a sufficient proportion of a population is immune to an infec...
WHO PHEIC
A Public Health Emergency of International Concern PHEIC was the highest alert the WHO could issue under the Internation...
Pandemic Treaty
Negotiations for a WHO Pandemic Treaty, formally the WHO Pandemic Agreement, began in December 2021 after COVID 19 expos...
Global Health Security
The Global Health Security Agenda GHSA was launched in February 2014 by the United States and approximately 30 partner c...
One Health Approach
The One Health approach recognizes that human health, animal health, and environmental health are interconnected. Approx...
Fomite Transmission
Fomite transmission refers to the spread of pathogens through contaminated surfaces or objects. Early in the COVID 19 pa...
Asymptomatic Spread
Asymptomatic transmission is the spread of an infectious disease by individuals who show no symptoms. This phenomenon wa...
Gain of Function
Gain of function GOF research involves modifying pathogens to increase their transmissibility, virulence, or host range....
Biosafety Levels
Biosafety levels BSL are a set of containment precautions designed to protect laboratory workers and the environment fro...
Biological Weapons Convention
The Biological Weapons Convention BWC, formally the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Sto...
Dual Use Research
Dual use research of concern DURC refers to legitimate biological research that could be misused to cause harm. The conc...
COVAX
COVAX, the COVID 19 Vaccines Global Access facility, was co led by WHO, Gavi, and CEPI to ensure equitable vaccine acces...
PPE Shortage
The global PPE shortage during the early COVID pandemic was one of the most damaging failures of pandemic preparedness. ...
Covid Misinformation
COVID misinformation proliferated on social media, causing measurable harm. False claims included that COVID was no wors...
Pandemic Influenza Preparedness
The Pandemic Influenza Preparedness PIP Framework was adopted by the WHO in 2011 after the 2009 H1N1 pandemic revealed i...
Pandemic Fatigue
Pandemic fatigue refers to the demotivation and exhaustion that populations experience during prolonged public health em...
Covid Supplies Chain
COVID 19 exposed extreme vulnerabilities in global medical supply chains. China produced around half of the worlds surgi...
Pandemic Exercise 201
Event 201 was a pandemic tabletop exercise hosted by the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, the World Economic Fo...
Pandemic Clade X
Clade X was a pandemic tabletop exercise hosted by the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security on May 15, 2018. The exe...
Dark Winter 2001
Dark Winter was a smallpox bioterrorism exercise held at Andrews Air Force Base on June 22 to 23, 2001, three months bef...
Covid Economic Impact
The COVID pandemic caused the largest global economic contraction since the Great Depression. Global GDP fell by roughly...
Covid Mental Health
The COVID pandemic caused a significant increase in mental health problems globally. The WHO reported a 25 percent incre...
Vaccine Nationalism
Vaccine nationalism describes the tendency of countries to prioritize their own populations over global equitable access...
Covid Variants Flu
COVID and influenza are both respiratory viruses but differ significantly. SARS CoV 2 has a higher R0 than seasonal infl...
COVID WHO Tedros
Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director General of the WHO since 2017, led the global response to COVID 19. Tedros decla...
IHR 2005
The International Health Regulations 2005 are the binding legal framework for global health security. The IHR require WH...